Migration helped humans to conquer and settle in different areas of the world even before civilization. New continents and regions were added to the world map once ship-building came into use. It also brought in the forced migration of plantation labourers as workers or even slaves to the newly settled countries. Of late, globalization is seen as being responsible to the teeming migration

of workers, both skilled and unskilled, from developing countries to the developed ones to get better paid jobs that they cannot find in their own country. Part of their compensation filters back to their country of origin to their families or as investments. So, the sending countries too benefit by substantial increase in their foreign exchange reserves, investments made on infrastructure and, of course, easing the burden on the limited resources of the country.

Sociologists label this the ‘push and pull’ model of emigration: The ‘push’ or the impetus of the workers who wish to emigrate  from their mother countries and find work in richer countries because of unemployment, poverty, inadequate educational prospects,  rapidly increasing population, comparative compensation for their skills and so on. The ‘pull’ factors that urges them to select the particular country to migrate to include not only the higher compensatory benefits but also better standards of living, more demand for their work and skills, or even political or religious issues.

The BBC news on late October 2001 announced the relaxation of immigration rules in Germany to enable Indian software professionals to emigrate and work in their country. This is only a precursor of the easing of the same in other developed countries in the past decade or so but only regarding skilled migrants. Two reasons can be attributed for this relaxation of immigration rules: one, to get more economic benefits by hiring cheaper workers, and two, past experience proves that skilled workers are more proficient in getting assimilated into the society of the country where they are employed (Germenji & Gedeshi, 2008).

Dayton-Johnson et al (2009), list the other probable causes for migration: social, political or environmental problems in the developing countries, disparities in the labour market such as the high proportions of unemployment and underemployment of the workers according to their education and skills in the case of workers belonging to the low wage category and the inadequate salary for the skilled workers. There are not enough educational and training prospects in the developing countries to further their skills and education which are more accessible in a developed country.

The developed countries get cheap labour and the developing countries benefit from the remittances that the emigrants send back to their families or as investments. Causes for the migration of skilled workers and the effects of this on the sending and the host country are popular research paper topics. Access our essay writing service for cheap essays for writing a term paper on such cause and effect topics.

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